BELA-Mark city-type frost-resistant windmill with stable revolutions

ABSTRACT

Field of the Invention This invention represents a rotor-type wind turbine with “scale” type double-blade wings. The name of “scale” or “scales” is given to the vertical swinging plates in the vanes of the windmill because they are located so as to overlap one another. The wind turbine converts the energy of the wind into mechanical energy. In construction the turbine consists of a vertical shaft running in ball bearings under the force of the wind impinged on the horizontal wings located and connected at right angle with the vertical shaft. Each wing is divided by the vertical shaft into two vanes. Each vane is fitted with a few stationary vertically-disposed posts, and each post has a hinged vertical “scale”, whereby the direction of rotation of the vertical shaft does not depend on the direction of the wind. Through a friction drive the vertical shaft transmits rotation to the secondary (driven) mechanism which is located horizontally.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The matter is that most of the cities require additional electric power supply periodically. For this purpose it would be expedient to locate the generators of electric power as close to the customer as possible having arranged them within the limits of the city. Such multi-generator power supply would be feasable by converting the energy of the wind into electric power and deliver it to the customer through the existing electric power networks. To perform such a task, it would be necessary to have such a design of a wind motor which would satisfy the following features and qualities:

[0002] (a) The outer appearance of the windmill should inscribe into the architectural outline of the city (without spoiling it);

[0003] (b) The construction of the windmill should allow it to be used at any time of the year, i.e. it must be frost-resistant;

[0004] (c) The windmill should have a speed governor for the driven mechanism to provide smooth running at various wind conditions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The Mark “BELA” windmill represents a cylinder without any protruding parts, i.e. it could be used directly within the city limits, and besides:

[0006] (1) An important feature of the windmill design is the possibility to protect all its moving parts from icing;

[0007] (2) The windmill incorporates a device enabling gusts of wind (surges) to be smoothed down;

[0008] (3) The windmill is fitted with a rotation speed stabilizer for the driven mechanism during rotation by the force of the wind;

[0009] (4) The windmill is equipped with an arrangement creating some rarefaction if the air at the rear (leeward) side of the vanes, which decreases the resistance to movement;

[0010] (5) The construction of the windmill allows operation to be carried out with a number of driven mechanisms.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENETS

[0011] It is preferable that installed on the BELA windmill set be a wind-electric unit for a system of multi-generator power supply in big cities. The set of mechanisms for the wind-electric unit consists of:

[0012] (1) BELA windmill;

[0013] (2) High-pressure air compressor;

[0014] (3) Buffer vessel for accumulating compressed air;

[0015] (4) Air turbine;

[0016] (5) Electric power generator with a circuit breaker, which will switch on the windmill generator into the service power network only at the time of absence of resultant voltage (ΔU) in both the power systems.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The construction of the BELA windmill system (FIG. 2) is as follows:

[0018] It is mainly a cylinder the outer side of which represents a large-cell grill. The lower base (25) is fitted circumferentially with vertical posts (5) mounted on which is the upper plate (18). Installed on ball bearings at the center of the cylinder is the main vertical shaft (1) of the windmill. Each wing (26) of the windmill is a rectangular frame which is divided by the main vertical shaft into two identical vanes (27). The vertical shaft and, partially, the wing frames are made of hollow elements (such as pipes). Inside each vane there are stationary vertical posts (2) which are also made hollow. The wing frame consists if intermittent hollow (3) and solid (4) elements. The hollow elements of the wing frame and the hollow posts (2) of the vanes are interconnected in series, thus forming a continuous air duct. This air duct is provided for hot air to be pumped through it by an electric fan when there are freezing temperatures outside. Hinged on the vertical posts are rigid vertical plates called “Scales” (28), because the plates of a vane are set so as to overlap one another. The plates of various vanes of one and the same wing are free to swing only in different directions within 90°. In a closed position the plates (“scales”) bear only on the hollow horizontal elements (3) of the wing frame. Each “scale” has an air intake slit (29) and a guiding visor on the rear (leeward) side. For connecting the windmill with a mechanism to convert the force of the wind into any other kind of energy there is a friction drive. The driving element of the friction drive is a flywheel (20) which is connected with the main vertical shaft through a splined joint (24) fitted on the lower end of the vertical shaft (1). The vertical shaft itself runs in a thrust bearing which is mounted in a stationary casing (30) located under the flywheel. The lower end of the vertical shaft is free. Mounted on bearings of stands (22) of baseplate (25) are radially-disposed horizontal shafts (6) for driving the secondary mechanisms. These shafts are provided with a longitudinal through spline (33). Moving along the shafts on key (11) within the flywheel radius is the driven wheel of the friction drive (8), whereby the shaft is rotated at any radii of the flywheel. To adjust the number of revolutions of the lower horizontal shafts, there are hollow upper pipe elements (16) rigidly mounted on the uppermost parts of the vane casing and connected with the main vertical shaft. Inside each pipe there is a freely movable weight (17), which, through wire rope (13) and the hollow of the main shaft is connected with the key (11) located inside the horizontal shaft (6). The movement of the wire rope is changed from horizontal to vertical and back by means of rollers (14) and hinges (10). Such a centrifugal governor allows the number of revolutions of the horizontal shafts to be maintained within the required range. This is achieved by means of a device incorporating, for instance, a spring (12) housed within the horizontal shaft itself. The spring strives to counteract the weight, thus keeping the driven wheel on the required radius of the flywheel. Smooth shifting of the driven wheel of the friction drive being engaged with the driving flywheel (20) along the lower horizontal shaft (6) is provided through a chain of so-called “beads” which are set around the outer rim, each roller (31, FIG. 1) of which and the bead having a rotation axle (32, FIG. 1) at right angle with the horizontal axis of the horizontal shaft. 

What is claimed is:
 1. Frost-resistant windmill, city-type, with stabilized running speed, wich incorporates a combination of the following units: (1) Windmill main shaft is a vertical hollow shaft with a free lower end; (2) Each winmill wing is a rectangular frame consisting of intermittent hollow and solid elements of the structure, whereby in each vane of the same wing one of the hollow elements of the frame is fitted into the hollow of the windmill main vertical shaft; (3) Each vane represents half of the wing and is fitted with vertical solid stationary posts; (4) Working plate (“scales”)—one per post—is a rigid vertical structure which is hinged to the stationary post of the vane; (5) Air-intake slit with a direction visor on the rear (leeward) side of each “scale” is located on the lower part of the plate at right angle with the axis of rotation.
 2. The invention as defined in claim I, wherein said main shaft is vertical and hollow: (1) Splined connection of said windmill main shaft is in its lower end with said flywheel, which allows some adjustment movement of said flywheel in vertical direction; (2) Besides, said flywheel is a driving element of said friction drive, the lower surface of which being fitted with a layer of vulcanized rubber; (3) The drives of said secondary mechanisms are disposed radially below said flywheel; they are horizontal and hollow, each of them having a longitudinal through spline; (4) Each radial axle of said secondary mechanism drive is fitted with a single driven wheel of said friction drive with a spline having half diameter of said horizontal axle.
 3. The invention as defined in claim II, wherein said shafts for secondary mechanisms are hollow. They are located radially under said flywheel and have the following arrangements for speed adjustment of the secondary mechanisms: (1) One pipe on each said mechanism mounted horizontally on upper sides of said vane frame and rigidly connected with said windmill vertical shaft; (2) Each said radial upper pipe is fitted with centrifugal governor weight for lower horizontal shaft speed governor; (3) Inside each lower horizontal shaft of the secondary mechanism drive there is a device counteracting centrifugal forces, as e.g. a spring; (4) Said weight and spring of said cetrifugal governor are located at different levels of the windmill and are connected through a wire rope with the driven wheel of the friction drive; (5) Said wire rope, connecting the weight with the driven wheel, is divided by a hinge within the hollow of said windmill main shaft and is laid on rollers, one of which being fixed at the top of the main shaft and the other in a stationary casing on the lower end of the main shaft; (6) Arranged on the outer rim of each driven wheel of said friction drive are the so-call “beads”, whereby each “bead” roller rotates at right angle with the longitudinal axis of the horizontal shaft. 